
期刊简介
《中国听力语言康复科学杂志》简介 《中国听力语言康复科学杂志》是由中国残疾人联合会主管、中国聋儿康复研究中心主办的双月刊,也是目前我国听力语言康复领域中唯一一本国家级学术期刊。本刊以传播听力语言康复科学的新理念、新技术、新方法为宗旨,力图为行业提供全面的科技动态,为听力语言康复事业搭建良好的信息平台。 本刊内容涵盖听力语言康复科学的多个领域,设有专家笔谈、基础研究、临床研究、康复教育、康复论坛、综述、新技术与新进展、个案研究等多个特色栏目。 Introduction to Chinese Scientific Journal of Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation Chinese Scientific Journal of Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation is a bimonthly journal managed by China Disabled Persons’ Federation and sponsored by China Rehabilitation and Research Center for Deaf Children. It is by far the only national scientific journal in the field of hearing and speech rehabilitation. It aims to spread new methods, techniques and theories of hearing and speech rehabilitation, provide comprehensive technical information and build a common information platform for rehabilitation professionals and parents of hearing-impaired children. The journal covers various aspects of hearing and speech rehabilitation and has established several characteristic columns, such as Expert Forum, Basic Research, Clinical Research, Rehabilitation Education, Rehabilitation Tribune, Review, New Technology and Case Study.
腰椎间盘突出症
时间:2024-12-05 10:44:35
腰椎间盘突出症(lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion)是指腰椎椎间盘的纤维环破裂、髓核突出,由此压迫、刺激坐骨神经根所引起的一系列症状和体征。
多发于壮年体力劳动者,男多于女,20-50岁占90%以上。约70%的病人有腰部受伤史。
多因强力举重及扭闪所致。正常椎间盘弹性很大,可承受巨大的压力而不致破裂,随着年龄的增长和经常受到挤压、扭转等应力作用和轻微损伤的积累,在30岁以后椎间盘发生退行性变,使纤维环破裂,引起椎间盘病变。多位于腰4、腰5和腰5、骶1两间隙。
1.腰痛伴坐骨神经痛,疼痛剧烈,沿坐骨神经走行的方向放射,可放射至臀部,大腿后部和小腿外侧,甚至足跟和足背外侧,随咳嗽、打喷嚏、用力大便或弯腰而加剧,休息时好转,整个患病过程有明显间歇性。
2.局部压痛,在腰4.5或腰5骶1的棘突间中线旁或中线有深部压痛,并常沿坐骨神经支配区放射。
3.腰部僵直,生理前凸平直,可出现脊柱侧凸,骶棘肌痉挛,腰椎活动受限。
4.直腿抬高试验和加压试验均阳性。
5.下肢的感觉,肌力和腱反射有改变,严重者有肌肉萎缩。